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Sabtu, 17 November 2012

Report text

                    


A.  Definition
Report is a text which presents information about something, as it is. It is as a result of systematic observation and analysis. 
B.  Purpose Of SocialIt’s social purpose is presenting information about something. They generally describe an entire class of things, whether natural, the planets, rocks, plants, countries of region, culture, transportation, and so on. 

C.
  Social Function
Inform the readers about range of natural, and social phenomena in our environment

 D.  Generic Structure
·         General classification ; tells what the phenomenon under discussion is.
·         Description tells what the phenomenon under discussion is like in terms of 
1. parts ,
2.qualities 
 3. habits or behaviors, if living ; uses , if non-natural.

 E.  Language Features of Report
o   Use of general nouns, example : hunting bird, rather than particular nouns, example : our dog;
o   Use of relating verbs to describe features, example : Molecules are tiny particles;
o   Some use of action verbs when describing behaviour, example : Emus cannot fly;
o   Use of timeless present tense to indicate usualness, example : Tropicalcyclones always begin over the sea;
o   Use of technical terms, example : Isobars are lines drawn on a weather map;
o   Use of paragraphs with topic sentences to organise bundles of information; repeated naming of the topic as the beginning focus of the clause. 

    F. General Classification
        Tell us what the phenomenon discussion is
   G. Description
         Tell us what the phenomenon under discussion is like in terms of: parts (and their funtions), qualities, habits or behavior
   
   H. Grammatical Features
   •Use of general nouns, e.g. Laser light
   •Use of relating verbs to describe features, e.g. Laser light is a special kind of light ,
   •Mostly use of present tenses, e.g. Laser light s just one pure color,
   •Use of technical terms, e.g. Beam, active medium
      I.        Language Features of Report 
·         Use of general nouns, example : hunting bird, rather than particular nouns, example : our dog;
·         Use of relating verbs to describe features, example : Molecules are tiny particles;
·         Some use of action verbs when describing behaviour, example : Emus cannot fly;
·         Use of timeless present tense to indicate usualness, example : Tropical cyclones always begin over the sea;
·         Use of technical terms, example : Isobars are lines drawn on a weather map;
·         Use of paragraphs with topic sentences to organise bundles of information; repeated naming of the topic as the beginning focus of the clause.


Example of Report Text
 
Birds

Birds are interesting flying animals. They are vertebrates and warm blooded animals. They belong to aves class and they can be found all over the world.

Birds breath with their air pocket. Beside as respiration organ, air pocket also can enlarge or reduce their weight when flying or swimming.

There are many kinds of birds. Earth bird has special characteristic. They have different morphology acording to their food and their habitat. Some of them eat seeds, pollen, fish or meat. There are some species that live in land and the others live in water. Land birds live on their nest.

Female birds have specific tasks. they lay eggs and feed their baby, Beside that they look for foods for their baby.







Granting Request

Granting request is expression to give somebody permission to do something
 Examples request
  • ·         may i borrow your biology notes now?
  • ·         Excuse me. may i go to the toilet, ma'am?
  • ·         can i use your pen for a minute, please?
  • ·         do you mind if i ask you to drive me to the bookstore?

    Examples Granting Request

  • ·         Sure here you are.
  • ·         yes, you may. 
  • ·         certaintly. it's almost finished anyway. 
  • ·         sure. just be careful
  • ·         Of course, you can.
  • ·         not at all. we're going the same way.

Giving Advice

Giving  Advice is  to give (someone) a recommendation about what should be done .
EXPRESSIONS OF ASKING FOR  ADVICE
•What should…………………………….. ?
•What do you think should………… ?
•What do you advise?
•Could you give me some advice for ….?
•What you would advice?
•What would you do if……….?
•Do you think I should …..?
EXPRESSIONS OF GIVING ADVICE 
•You should/ought to……….
•I think you should/ought to………
•You ought to………………
•I advise you to
•If I were you, I would……..
•I would recommend that you ……
•You’d better tell …………..
•You must to……………….

DIALOGUE OF EXPRESSING ADVICE


Bea              : Good morning, Putri
Putri            : Good morning, Bea. (Looks confused)
Bea              : How are you, Putri
Putri            : I’m confused now.
Bea           :  Why?
Putri        :  My boyriend forbade me to follow the singing competition. If you were me, what would you tell him?
Bea          :   I would say that the competition is very important to you, and instead, the prize of the competition would you give to him
Putri            :   That’s a good idea. I will do it. Thank you very much,Bea. Now I want to go to canteen. See you.
Ratna            :    You’re welcome. See you too.
 

Kamis, 15 November 2012

Adjective Clauses

An adjective clause is a dependent clause that modifies a noun.  It is possible to combine the following two sentences to form one sentence containing an adjective clause:              
·         The children are going to visit the museum.
    They are on the bus.
·         The children who are on the bus are going to visit the museum.
                  | adjective clause |
In the sentence above, there are two other ways to write the sentence correctly using the second sentence as the adjective clause. 
·         The children that are on the bus are going to visit the museum.
·         The children       on the bus       are going to visit the museum.
Some other sentences can be combined into a sentence using adjective clauses in a variety of ways, and they are all correct.  Note the variety of ways in which the following two sentences can be combined.
 The church is old.
·         My grandparents were married there.
·         The church where my grandparents were married is old.
·         The church in which my grandparents were married is old.
·         The church which my grandparents were married in is old.
·         The church that my grandparents were married in is old.
·         The church my grandparents were married in is old
In the sentences above, the adjective clauses are underlined.  All answers are correct.  Note the use of the word "in" and how and where it is used.
An adjective clause with a subject pronoun - such as which, that or who - can also be shortened into a phrase.
You can shorten an adjective clause in two ways:
Omit the subject pronoun and verb.
Omit the subject pronoun and change the verb to the form ending in "ing."
Here are some examples of how to create an adjective phrase:
·         Adjective Clause: The books, which are lost, are not really necessary.
·         Adjective Phrase: The books lost are not really necessary.
·         Adjective Clause: The girl who is running is my best friend.
·         Adjective Phrase: The girl running is my best friend.
·         Adjective Clause: His share of the money, which consists of $100,000, was given to him on Monday.
·         Adjective Phrase: His share of the money, consisting of $100,000, was given to him on Monday.
  Adjective Clause: Something that smells bad may be rotten.
·         Adjective Phrase: Something smelling bad may be rotten.
Remember, the goal of an adjective clause is to add more information to a noun or a pronoun. You can add the information by including a few more words or by changing the adjective clause to a phrase.

Asking For and Giving Opinions

Asking Opinion is  to ask other people's opinions on an issue.
 Giving Opinion is to express an opinion on a matter or issue.     

A.   Asking for Opinion
 Formal :
  • ·         Have you got any comments on …..
  • ·         Do you have any idea?
  • ·         Do you have any opinion on ……
  • ·         Would you give me your opinion on……….?
  • ·         What is your reaction to ….
  • ·         What is your opinion about……….?
  • ·         What are you feeling about………….? 
  •         What are your views on……….
  •  ·         Please give me your frank opinion ?
     Informal
  • ·         What do you think of…….?
  • ·         What do you think about………?
  • ·         What is your opinion?
  • ·         Why do they behave like that?
  • ·         Do you think it’s going?
  • ·         How do you like?
  • ·         How was the trip?
  • ·         How do you think of Rina’s idea 
    B.  Giving Opinion
     Informal
  • ·         I think I like it.
  • ·         I don’t think I care for it.
  • ·         I think it’s good/nice/terrific……..
  • ·         I think that awful/not nice/terrible…………
  • ·         I don’t think much of it.
  • ·         I think that……..